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To monitor employment, poverty and deprivation

To monitor maternal, infant and child health

To monitor the “major killers” in UK health related mortality.

This section relates to the high level objective for improving access to and standards of services for patients.

The detrimental effects of smoking are widely known. There are large differences in smoking prevalence and consumption in the UK, varying by age, sex, social class, employment status, and ethnicity. People in deprived circumstances are not only more likely to take up smoking but generally start younger,...

As of October 2018, please refer to the homelessness statistics published by the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government for the following indicator:

Motor vehicle traffic accidents are a major cause of preventable deaths and morbidity, particularly in younger age groups. For children and for men aged 20-64 years, mortality rates for motor vehicle traffic accidents are higher in lower socioeconomic groups. For instance, there would be 600 fewer deaths...

Please note that LBOI indicators 3.1 and 3.2 have been discontinued and there will be no future updates.

The major threat to clean air is now posed by traffic emissions. Petrol and diesel-engine motor vehicles emit a wide variety of pollutants, principally carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulates (PM10), which have an increasing impact on urban air...